Frounce is caused by which infection?

• A. Aspergillosis
• B. Trichomonas infection
• C. Coccidiosis
• D. Overheating

Answer: (B)

Frounce is a protozoan infection caused by Trichomonas gallinae. This parasite colonizes the upper digestive tract of birds, especially the mouth and crop, and forms yellowish plaques that can interfere with swallowing. It spreads through contaminated water or by feeding on infected prey, so birds of prey often contract it after preying on infected pigeons or doves. Aspergillosis is a fungal lung infection, Coccidiosis is caused by intestinal protozoa, and overheating is not an infection, so they don’t cause frounce.